"狱长想了想" is a very interesting statement. Because 狱长knows who will be executed. If both B and C will be executed, then 狱长only need to pick one and tell A, and does not need to think. From 狱长's reaction, I think A will be executed.
You are right. If we don't consider the狱长's attitude, then, before A knows C will be executed, A think his chance is 2/3. After A knows C will be killed, he think his chance is 1/2. The problem is that this is not a probability issue. Whether he will be executed or not is decided already. Whether he knows C's result or not have no effect on his fate.www.ddhw.com
把AB, BC, AC看成是一随机试验的三个具有等概率的基本事件。事件“B或C”的概率P(B or C)=1. 故条件概率 P(A|B or C)=P(A), 即概率没有改变。至于狱长将“B或C”说成“有B”或“有C”则不是一个概率问题(因为不是在上述概率模型下随机试验的结果),也不提供任何信息,所以是无关紧要的。